TUGAS 1 SOFTSKILL 1. PRESENT TENSE

PRESENT TENSE

Present Tense Definisi

Dalam bahasa Inggris Present Tense atau Simple Present Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan peristiwa atau kejadian, kegiatan, aktivitas dan sebagainya yang terjadi saat ini. Present Tense juga digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu Fakta, atau sesuatu yang tejadi berulang-ulang dimasa KINI. Ingat, PRESENT artinya adalah kini, sekarang.

1. Simple Present
2. Present continous
3. Present Perfect
4. Present Perfect Continous

 1. Simple Present Tense 

Simple Present Tense adalah bentuk waktu yang digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau kegiatan yang berlangsung/terjadi pada waktu sekarang dalam bentuk sederhana, kegiatan atau pekerjaan yang dilakukan berulang-ulang, kebiasaan sehari-hari, peristiwa atau perbuatan yang tidak ada kaitannya dengan waktu, dan untuk mengekspresikan kebenaran umum.

• Pattern :  

(+) S + Be (is, am, are) + Object

                              S + Verb1 + object

           

(-) S + do/does + not + verb1 + Object

                             S + be + not + Object

           

(?) Be + S + Object +?

                              Do/does + S + Verb 1 + object +?

Simple Present Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu kejadian yang berulang-ulang atau kebiasaan dan juga untuk menyatakan suatu general truth / kebenaran umum.

examples :

1.         (+)She likes eating out

(-)She doesn’t like eating out

(?)Does she like eating out ?

2.         (+)The children are naughty.

            (-)The children aren’t naughty

            (?)Are the children naughty ?     

3.         (+) I am lazy

(-) I am not lazy

(?) Am I lazy ?

4.       (+) You bring my book

(-) You do not bring my book

(?) Do you bring my book?

5.         (+) My father goes to post office

(-) My father does not go to post office

(?)  Does your father go to post office ?

6.         (+) Dewi and Dian are happily.

(-) Dewi and Dian not happily.

(?) Are They happily?

7.         (+) He is a Doctor.

(-) He is not a Doctor.

(?) Is he a Doctor?

8.         (+) Marcella is a stronger woman.

(-) Marcella is not a stronger woman.

(?) Is Marcella a stronger woman?

9.         (+) They eat breakfast every morning.

(-)  They don't eat breakfast every morning.

(?)  Do they eat breakfast every morning ?

10.      (+) She gets up late every sunday.

(-)  She doesn't get up late every Sunday.

(?) Does she get up late every sunday?

Adverb of time usually use in Simple Present Tense: usually, always, everyday, etc. 

2. Presemt Continous Tense

Present continuous tense atau present progressive tense adalah bentuk kata kerja yang digunakan untuk membicarakan aksi yang sedang berlangsung sekarang (present) atau rencana di masa depan (future). Karena dapat digunakan pada present atau future, tense ini sering diiringi adverb of time untuk memperjelasnya. 

       • Pattern :  

(+) S + Be (Is, am are) + V-ing + C
(-)  S + Be + not (Isn’t, am not, aren’t) + V-ing + C
(?)  Be (Is, am, are) + S + V-ing + C?

Examples :

1.         (+) She is writing a letter now.

(-) She is not writing a letter now.

            (?) Is she writing a letter now?

2.         (+) They are climbing Gede mountain.

            (-)  They are not climbing Gede mountain.

            (?) Are they climbing Gede mountain?

3.         (+) He is reading a story book now.

            (-) He is not reading a story book now.

            (?) Is he reading a story book now?

4.         (+) Naila is walking to school.

            (-) Naila is not walking to school.

            (?) Is Naila walking to school?

5.         (+) I am eating meat ball.

            (-) I am not eating meat ball.

            (?) Am I eating meat ball?

6.         (+)They are playing football.

            (-)They are not playing football.

            (?)Are they playing football ?

7.         (+)He is reading a book.

            (-)He is not reading a book.

            (?)Is he reading a book?

8.         (+)  I am writing a short story

            (-)   I am not writing a short story

            (?)  am I writing a short story?

9.         (+)  you are sleeping

(-)   you are not sleeping

(?)  are you sleeping?

10.       (+)  we are throwing them snow balls

(-)   we are not throwing them snow balls.

(?)  are we throwing them snow balls?

3. Present Perfect Tense

Present perfect tense adalah suatu bentuk kata kerja yang digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu aksi atau situasi yang telah dimulai di masa lalu dan telah selesai pada suatu titik waktu tertentu di masa lalu atau masih berlanjut sampai sekarang. 

 • Pattern :

(+) S + have/has + Past participle + Object

(-) S + have/has not + Past participle + Object

(?) Have/has + S + Past participle + Object

Examples :

1.         (+)I have finished my work.
            (-) I haven't finished my homework.
            (?)Have I finished my homework?

2.         (+)She has eaten lunch. 
            (-)She has not eaten lunch.
            (?)Has she eaten lunch?

3.         (+) You have seen that movie.
            (-) You haven't seen that movie
            (?)Have you seen that movie?

4.         (+) She has been sick for two days.
            (-) She hasn't been sick for two days
            (?)has she been sick for two days??

5.         (+)They have been busy for one day.
            (-) They have not been busy for one day.
            (?)Have they been busy for one day?

6.         (+) You have been here for two hours
            (-) You haven't been here for two hours
            (?)Have you been here for two hours?

7.         (+) I have watched that movie 3 times.
            (-) I haven't watched that movie 3 times.
            (?)Have I watched that movie 3 times??

8.         (+) You have read the book yet.
            (-) you haven't read the book yet.
            (?)Have you read the book yet?

9.         (+)The rain has stopped.
            (-) The rain hasn’t stopped.
            (?)has the rain stopped?

10.       (+)They have arrived.
            (-) They haven’t arrived.
            (?)have they arrived? 

        4.      Present Perfect Continous Tense

Present perfect continuous tense adalah suatu bentuk kata kerja yang digunakan untuk menyatakan aksi yang telah selesai pada suatu titik di masa lalu atau aksi telah dimulai di masa lalu dan terus berlanjut sampai sekarang. Aksi pada present perfect continuous tense biasanya berdurasi waktu tertentu dan ada relevansinya dengan kondisi sekarang.

  

• Pattern :

(+) S + have/has + been + V1-ing/present participle

(-) S + have/has + not + been + V1-ing/present participle

(?) have/has + S + been + V1-ing/present participle

Examples :

1.        (+) I have been standing here since nine o’clock

           (-) I have not been standing here since nine o’clock

           (?) Have you been standing here since nine o’clok?

2.        (+) They have been playing game for a long time

           (-) They have not been playing game for a long time

           (?) Have they been playing game for a long time?

3.        (+) He has been watching television since eight o’clock

           (-) He has not been watching television since eight o’clok

           (?) Has he been watching television since eight o’clock?

4.        (+) He has been smoking since 2006

           (-) He has not been smoking since 2006.

           (?) Has he been smoking since 2006 ?

5.        (+) Indah has been working since morning.

           (-) Indah has been working since morning.

           (?) Has indah been working since morning ?

6.        (+) Ruslan has been travelling for a week

           (-) Ruslan has not been travelling for a week

           (?) Has ruslan been travelling for a week ?

7.        (+) Febrian has been waiting fizah for two hours

           (-) Febrian has not been waiting fizah for two hours

           (?) Has febrian been waiting fizah for two hours?

8.        (+) Agung has been living in Makassar since 1998

           (-) Agung has not been living in Makassar since 1998

           (?) Has agung been living in Makassar since 1998?

9.        (+) I have been drinking milk for two hours

           (-) I have not been drinking milk for two hours

           (?) Have you been drinking milk for two hours?

10.      (+) She has been reading a novel for one week

           (-) She has not been reading a novel for one week

           (?) Has she been reading a novel for one week ?

Referensi :

bahasainggrisonlines.blogspot.com/2012/12/simple-present-tense.html‎

tensesbahasainggris.com/present-tense‎

www.wordsmile.com › Parts of Speech › Verb & Verbal‎

rosenains.blogspot.com/2011/.../contoh-kalimat-present-perfect-tense